intelligent inverter for Elevator flexible speed, control and precision-layer requirements such as specially designed elevator special inverter can be equipped with GM's three-phase asynchronous motor with intelligent software standard interface, the menu prompt, enter the lift and curve Other key parameters, and other features. Debugging with its convenient, but also the realization of a single multi-functional automatic and automatic optimization feature of the slowdown curve, the speed control system composed by the time crawling low-level short distance, whether two-motor windings, or a single Motor windings can be applied to a maximum design speed of up to 4m / s, a unique computer monitoring software, choice of serial interface input / output signals to control the non-contact.
inverter consisting of the elevator system, when the frequency converter to receive the call issued by the controller to the direction of the staircase signal converter based on the speed and acceleration values, start motor, maximum speed, running uniform, the purpose of reaching the floor Deceleration point, the controller issued to cut off high-speed signal converter in order to set the maximum speed will reduce the speed to crawling pace of deceleration in the operation, the converter can automatically calculate the deceleration point-to-point between the Distance, and calculate the optimization curve, and thus able to optimize the curve running so slow crawl time to 0.3s, the lift in the process of ping-ping-frequency converter by adjusting the speed or braking to adjust the slope-level accuracy. That is, when the elevator stopped too early, low-speed converter increase or decrease in value of the slope value of the brake, while reducing the value of the low-speed braking or increase the value of the slope, in the elevator to the location of the anomaly 4-10cm layer, there are Ping-automatic switch off low-speed signals, according to optimize the system to achieve high-precision curve-layer, layer in order to achieve the level of accurate and reliable.
3. Elevator speed curve
elevator operation depends on the comfort of their operation in the process of acceleration of a change in the rate of acceleration and the size of p, excessive acceleration or changes in the rate of acceleration can cause discomfort of the passengers. At the same time, in order to ensure the efficiency of the operation of the elevator, a, p value should not be too small. Be able to guarantee a, p the best values of the lift operation of the lift curve known as the ideal running curve. Elevator operation should be the ideal parabolic curve - a comprehensive straight-line speed curve, that is, increase the lift, by the process by the parabola and constitute a straight line. Elevator is the ideal curve given a direct impact on the actual running of the curve.
3.1 speed curve method
used FX2-64MR PLC, and consider the input and output points to increase the FX-8EYT, FX-16EYR, FX-8EYR three expansion modules and FX2-40AW twisted-pair communication adapter, FX2-40AW system for the string Communication lines. PLC function modules to expand the use of D / A module to achieve the ideal speed of the output curve, prior to the ideal speed of the digital curve into the PLC register, running, through the look-up table way into the D / A, the D / A converted to analog after Would be the ideal speed of the output curve.
3.2 to speed up the production curve given
8 bit D / A output 0 ~ 5V / 0 ~ 10V, the corresponding figure for the value of the 16-band number 00 ~ FF, a total of 255. If the elevator to speed up the time in between 2.5 to 3 seconds. According to conservative values, the lift speed up the process of look-up table each time interval should not exceed 10ms.
due to control Elevator logic of the largest part of the process, and the PLC to run the mechanism used to scan cycle, which used the usual method of look-up table, look-up table every time the instruction is too long and can not meet the curve of a given precision. PLC in the running, the CPU and the exchange of information between devices, users of the implementation of the program, collecting signals, control the volume of output, and other operations are fixed in accordance with the order cycle in order to scan the way, each cycle should be All of the functions of information, and to judge the operation. This order of man-made and can not change the format. Usually a scan cycle, the basic six steps to complete the work, including the surveillance operation, the programmer and the exchange of information, and the number of processors to exchange information, exchange of information and communications processor, process and the implementation of user input and output interfaces, and other services. In a cycle, CPU users of the entire implementation process only once. Such a mechanism to facilitate its side, but the real poor. The scan time is too long, have a direct impact on the signal system in response to the effect of ensuring the control under the premise of the CPU to shorten the maximum period of time scanning is a very complex issue. General users can only take the shortest possible time for implementation of the program method. Elevator logic control part of the scanning process for more than 10ms, despite taking a number of procedures to reduce the scanning time, but still can not scan the following time down to 10ms. At the same time, the braking distance by using curve above principles, each of the distance to the response time should not be more than 10ms. In order to meet the requirements of real-time systems, the speed at the curve of the method, using methods of disruption so as to effectively overcome the PLC scanning mechanism.
to accelerate the start-up cycle will be run by the interruption of service to complete the procedure. This can not be interrupted by the switching process, once set, has been set up by the interval break the cycle, so conditions need to start running on the interrupt service routine, not satisfied with the operating conditions, the return to disruption that is.
3.3 braking deceleration of the curve have a
In order to ensure the completion of the braking process, in the main program to be carried out to determine the braking condition and determine the deceleration point. Slowdown in the points before, the elevator has been in a steady-speed running or speed up the process. To speed up the process by the interruption of a fixed period, to speed up the corresponding mode after the maximum speed up the process no longer meet the conditions of operation, interrupted every time, not speed up the implementation of the program, directly from the return to disruption. Elevator to the corresponding mode of operation of the maximum value in the model point to slow down, have a high-speed counting disruption of services to slow down the implementation process. The interruption in the service process to amend the conditions of the counter settings to ensure the implementation of the next interruption.
in the PLC internal register, the slow curve of the numerical table descending order, were each suspended the implementation of a "table pointer plus 1" operation, the next interruption of the value of the look-up table will be less than the interruption of the search Table value. Gate area of peace-zone external signals given by the judge in order to ensure the reliability of the process of deceleration.
4. Elevator control system
4.1 elevator control system Characteristics of
curve in the elevator operation in the start-up section is related to the operation of the elevator comfort of the key indicators, and also a sense of comfort and directly related to the acceleration, according to the control theory, to a certain amount of schedule changes in the law must be direct control , The elevator control system, according to the ideal acceleration curve on the need for changes in the acceleration feedback, according to the Formula One motor torque: M-MZ =  M = J (dn / dt), we can see the changes in the rate of acceleration reflected the dynamic change From the changes, control the acceleration of the dynamic control system to switch from  M = M-MZ. So in the meantime use time to control the acceleration of principle, to start up when the rate reached above 90% of the value of the steady-state, the system will be controlled by the acceleration switch to control the speed, because the steady speed, speed control for constant fluctuations in the smaller, Acceleration has been no big change, and the use of closed-loop speed control can maintain a steady rate of accuracy, precision-braking section of the floor to create the conditions. In the system speed up, and although the above-speed regulator using PI control, but the two PI parameters are different in order to improve the system dynamic response indicators.
in the braking system, that is, to reduce the speed of the necessary control to ensure comfort, but also to run strictly in accordance with the lift of the relationship between speed and distance control to ensure the accuracy of the flat floor. The speed of the system prior to down 120r/min, in order to take into account so that the two have been taken to control the acceleration of time-based, according to the same time in each of the braking distance on the actual speed and speed deviations theory to correct a given acceleration curve Methods. For example, from the point of a ping-L distance, the rate should be reduced to Vm / s, but the actual speed for high-V'm / s, then that increases the braking torque is not sufficient, to work out here Set by the speed of value-ag, so that together with a negative bias  , where even the reduced rate of value given for the amendment - (ag  ) so that a given speed and reduce the negative deviation of the actual rate of increase, thereby increasing The brake torque, so fast down the value of the standard, when the speed dropped to 120r/min electrical machinery, car at this time departures more than 10 cm layer only, a very low speed elevators, to prevent yet - Parking area on the floor of the phenomenon, in order to be able to quickly access elevators-level areas, in the meantime proportional regulation and control to optimize the use of time in order to ensure accurate and timely access to the lift-district level in order to achieve accurate and reliable-layer .
4.2 elevator control constitute
as a result of the lift is running under the floor of the car and call sign, signal control program, and the floor of the car and the call is random, random system control logic control. That is, in order to achieve the logic control of the elevator control on the basis of the request, according to the random input signal, as well as lift the state of the corresponding time of the elevator control system. In addition, the car's location by the pulse encoder to determine the number of pulses, and sent to the PLC for control of the counter. At the same time, every floor close to a switch system for detecting the signal floor.
In order to facilitate the observation of the operation of the lift, as well as the direction of the lift's floor display, the use of LED and LED display, and on the floor of the car and call sign to show that light (on a light switch).
In order to improve the operating efficiency of the elevator floor of the peace accuracy, the system requirements for the PLC to increase the car, braking deceleration, as well as effective control. According to the actual location of the car and the speed control system of exchange control algorithm to achieve. In order to lift the safe operation of the system should be set up reliable and failure to protect the show. PLC used to achieve the elevator control system consists of the following main parts.
4.2.1PLC control circuit; PLC received from the control plate and called on each floor staircase of the call signal, the car door and functions well, as well as signal converter Road and the state of signals, to determine the procedures and operations to achieve the lift-election Control. PLC control and display the output signal at the same time, the frequency converter to issue a direction to start, plus / slow running braking and stop Ossetia, and other signals.
4.2.2 current, two-speed closed-loop circuit; own inverter current sense devices, which constitute the current closed-loop; and through the motor connected to the coaxial rotary encoders, resulting in a, b two-phase pulse into the inverter, At the same time, to confirm the direction, speed pulse count constitute a closed loop.
4.2.3 shift control circuit; manned elevator as a tool for potential power load conditions, with the exception of safety and reliability requirements, but also the requirements to run a smooth, comfortable ride, precise docking. Frequency use of dual-loop control can basically meet the requirements of the use of the existing rotary encoders constitute the speed of the ring at the same time, through PG Cards output of the inverter and the motor speed elevators and displacement proportional to the number of pulses, the PLC will be the introduction of its high-speed counting Input port through the accumulated number of pulsed, (1) calculate the equivalent pulse, which determine the location of the elevator. Elevator displacement
h = SI
in-I-cumulative number of pulses;
S-Pulse equivalent;
S = plD / (pr) (1)
l-reduction ratio;
D-diameter wheel traction;
P-turn rotary encoders for each corresponding The pulses;
r-PG frequency than the card.
4.2.4 end station protection; when the lift when the direction, the direction of up-relay, Express auxiliary contact, contact with running Express, door lock relays, contactors are up a pull-in power, have opened the gates, lift up . When the car hit on the forced-for-speed switch, PLC internal latch relay a pull-in power, the timer Tim10, Tim11 start from time to time, the timing of the duration of visual end point from the floor and ladder-speed settings. To force Switch on the exchange rate movements, the express train running from the elevator climbing into operation, under normal circumstances, up-to-floor elevator when parking. If the car did not stop and continued up when Tim10 settings reduced to zero, its regular closing off points, climbing up contact and contact lost electricity, elevators stop running. Arrogance in hand to force encountered on-for-speed switches, for some reason failed to slow elevators run, and run Express Contactor not released when Tim11 settings reduced to zero, the point often closed off, Express up and running contact contactors are lost electricity, elevators stop running. Therefore, whether it's running slow or express train running as long as the forced-for-speed signal switching, regardless of station-side switch is the protection of other action, with Tim10 and Tim11 could have stopped the lift operation, so that the end of the lift station to protect more reliable.
when the elevator down the need that with the election command ladder, down the direction of a power relay to open its regular point of closure, the latch relay to be reset, Tim10 and Tim11 were lost electricity, closed its regular point of closure for the elevator down to normal to do Well prepared. The lower end of the station to protect the principle of protection similar to the station at the top and not repeat them here.
4.2.5 floor count; floor count relative counting methods. Before running through self-study methods, to detect a high pulse number corresponding floor, corresponding to 17 layers were deposited into the elevator 16 memory units DM06 ~ DM21. Floor counter (CNT46) for a two-way counter when the count reached the point at all levels of the floor, running under the direction of plus 1 or minus 1 count.
running, high-speed counter with a total value of the real-time point corresponding to the floor count pulses comparison, the same floor when the signal count, up 1, down by 1. In order to prevent counter in the pulse count during the high repeat count, using the signal count on the floor along the floor to trigger counter.
4.2.6 for the rapid speed; when high-speed counter with the value-for-fast speed corresponding to the pulses at the same time, if the elevator is running fast and have a layer of the selection signal, the fast-for-speed signals. If the elevator running speed or run this fast, although no election-layer signals are not made-for-speed signals.
4.2.7 Mun signal; if CNT47 high-speed counter value in the gate area corresponding to the pulses within the framework of time, the signal gate area.
4.2.8 pulse signal fault detection; pulse signals the accurate collection and transmission system is especially important for the detection and rotary encoder pulse transmission circuit failure, whether or not the design of pulse and pulse detection circuit errors through real-time detection To ensure the normal operation of the system. Pulse to eliminate the accumulated error count, set up base in the reset switch, high-speed access PLC reset the counter CNT47 side.
5. Software design features
5.1 priority queue using
According to the elevator position and the direction in programming, using four priority queues, that is, the up-priority queue, priority queue up times, down priority queue, priority queue times down. Among them, the priority queue up for running up the elevator, the elevator at the location above the floor to issue up to run the call signal, the call signal corresponding to the floor with the pulses of the register kept by an array. Th Uplink priority queue up to run for the elevator, the elevator at the following location issued by the floor running up the call sign, the call signal corresponding to the floor with the pulse of a few of the store register posed by the queue. Elevator control system in order to run in real-time display of the four priorities for the realization of a random control logic provides a basis.
5.2 FIFO queue using
under the direction of the elevator, with priority to the queue of non-zero units (the unit when there are calls for 70 units, non-call when the unit is zero) into the queue register (FIFO FIFO queue ), Using FIFO read instructions SFRDP instructions FIFO will be the first unit of data sent to compare register.
5.3 random control logic
when an elevator to the direction of running close to the floor of a slowdown location, determine whether the floor to the same call sign (call sign up register, call sign downlink register, call request, the corresponding register for the l, for otherwise 0), and if so, will the corresponding register of pulses compared with the comparison register, as the same, the slowdown in the floor of the parking: If you are not the same, then register the data into the comparison register, and compared with the original register data retention , The implementation of the parking floor of the slowdown. The action has been completed, data will be kept to re-register into the comparison in order to achieve a random control logic.
5.4 software shows
the floor to determine system itinerary use, and the output into a BCD code, adopted by the hardware interface circuit with LED display.
5.5 on the frequency converter control
PLC in accordance with the requirements of random control logic can be sent to the inverter are running, running back, slow down, as well as brake signal from the transducer in accordance with a certain degree of control law and control algorithm to control the motor. At the same time, when the system fails, PLC signal to the inverter.
5. Conclusion
use of a dedicated elevator MIC340 inverter consisting of the elevator control systems, elevators can be controlled by intelligent, but because of the lift and escalator waiting car within reach of people at all levels of intelligence is the number of elevators can not be identified, even if the use of artificial intelligence systems AITP , The transmission of traffic flow information is vague, in order to address the vertical elevator traffic control system are two unknown factors, we need to work in the future to continue to research and explore.